Can ADHD Mask Autism? Understanding the Overlap Between ADHD and Autism

I often hear from parents: “My child has been diagnosed with ADHD… but I still wonder if there’s more to it. Could they also be autistic?”

It’s such a valid question. ADHD can sometimes mask autism, and the reverse can also be true. Both are neurodevelopmental conditions with overlapping traits, and it isn’t always straightforward to untangle them. If you’re feeling unsure, you’re not alone. Many families find this part of the journey confusing.

What Is ADHD?

ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) affects focus, energy, and regulation. But it doesn’t look the same for every child. There are three subtypes of ADHD:

• Inattentive type – children may seem dreamy, lost in thought, easily distracted, or forgetful. They might sit quietly in class, but struggle to follow through on tasks or keep track of belongings.
• Hyperactive–Impulsive type – children may be constantly on the go, fidgeting, talking a mile a minute, or acting without thinking.
• Combined type – where both inattentive and hyperactive–impulsive features are present.

👉 Real-life example: You might hear your child’s teacher say, “They’re bright but they just drift off in lessons”  while at home you’re forever reminding them to finish a simple chore. This is the quieter, dreamier side of ADHD that’s easy to miss.

What Is Autism?

Autism (Autism Spectrum Condition) is another way of experiencing and interacting with the world. Autistic children may:

• Struggle with social communication, like reading body language or understanding “hidden” social rules.
• Prefer routines and predictability, finding change overwhelming.
• Have sensory differences, for example being very sensitive to noise, textures, or bright lights.

You might notice that your child is deeply passionate about particular interests, or that they see the world in a wonderfully unique, detailed way.

How ADHD Can Mask Autism

Because ADHD symptoms can be more obvious, whether that’s restless energy or drifting off into a daydream,  they can sometimes overshadow autism.

• Sociability and energy: Some children with ADHD seem outgoing and chatty, which can hide difficulties with deeper social understanding.
• Impulsivity: When a child blurts out answers or struggles with classroom rules, adults may assume ADHD explains everything, overlooking autistic traits like sensory sensitivities or rigid thinking.
• Daydreaming and forgetfulness: For children with inattentive ADHD, teachers may see a “dreamy” child who struggles to stay on task, and assume this explains their challenges. Subtler autistic traits, like difficulty with flexible thinking or anxiety around change, can be missed.

👉 Real-life example: Perhaps at school your child is described as “bubbly and full of energy”, but at home you notice they melt down over small changes, or can only relax in the safety of their routines. The ADHD energy draws focus, while the autism needs remain hidden.

When Autism Masks ADHD

The opposite can happen too. An autistic child may also struggle with organisation, attention, and memory but ADHD may not be spotted because their difficulties get attributed to autism instead.

Why Clarity Matters

When we only see part of the picture, support can fall short. Recognising both ADHD and autism means:

• Strategies actually work. ADHD may need movement breaks and reminders, while autism may need predictability and sensory supports.
• Children feel understood. They stop thinking they’re “failing” at strategies that don’t fit.
• Families get access to help. From school accommodations to therapies, a full diagnosis can open doors.

What You Can Do as a Parent

• Trust what you notice. If something feels “not fully explained,” bring it up. Parents see things professionals may not.
• Ask for a thorough assessment. The best autism and ADHD assessments gather history, input from home and school, structured questionnaires, and direct observation.
• Remember: it’s not about labels. It’s about understanding your child’s needs so they can flourish.

Final Thoughts

So, can ADHD mask autism? Yes. Sometimes the loud, restless energy of ADHD hides autistic traits. Other times, the quieter, dreamier side of ADHD is mistaken for something else, and autism goes unrecognised. And sometimes autism itself can hide ADHD.

If you’re sitting with unanswered questions, please know you don’t have to figure it all out on your own. With a careful, compassionate assessment, both ADHD and autism can be recognised and most importantly, your child can get the support, understanding, and confidence they deserve.

👉 If you’re a parent wondering whether your child’s difficulties are ADHD, autism, or both, know this: your instincts matter. Reaching out for clarity is not overthinking, it’s advocating for your child’s future.

If you would like to find out more about the our autism and ADHD assessments, click here.